A Boston judge earlier today denied Occupy Boston’s motion for a preliminary injunction and vacated a temporary restraining order that had effectively been providing protection from a city eviction. The judge ultimately disagreed with whether camping was protected speech and that is why she ruled in favor of the city.
Judge Frances McIntyre concluded in her decision, “While Occupy Boston protesters may be exercising their expressive rights during their protest, they have no privilege under the First Amendment to seize and hold the land on which they sit.” McIntyre decided that citizens occupying Dewey Square in Boston had were trying to permanently hold the land and that was not protected speech under the First Amendment.
She elaborated:
The occupation, that is, the seizing and holding of land of the Commonwealth is separate and distinct conduct from the living activities, that is, the setting up of tents, sleeping overnight eating and governing on the site. “Occupation” speaks of boldness, outrage, and a willingness to take personal risk but it does not carry the plaintiffs’ professed message. Essentially, it is viewed as a hostile act, an assertion of possession against the rights of another. The act of occupation, this court has determined as a matter of law, is not speech. Nor is it immune from criminal prosecution for trespass or other crimes.
However, the setting up of the tents, sleeping, and governance on Dewey Square is expressive conduct and symbolic. Nevertheless, it is subject to City and Park regulations and restrictions. Thus, the Conservancy’s prohibition on sleeping overnight and other restrictions on Dewey Square are valid, and applicable to Occupy Boston. The protesters are obligated under the law to abide by those regulations, as well as the orders of the City of Boston, the Boston Police Department, and the Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy Greenway Conservancy.
Also, McIntyre sided with the city and found the occupiers had taken over the space in a way that made it impossible for all people in Boston to have access and use the space. From her decision:
Having viewed the many photographs presented by the parties, this court finds that Dewey Square can be put to no other useful public purpose for the duration of its occupation. The density of people occupying one-quarter acre of land is extraordinary. While it is surely true that any citizen who chooses to make a speech or carry a placard at Dewey Square would find a hospitable audience, parents with young children, vendors and wheelchair-bound people cannot access this space as presently used. The sanitary arrangements alone convince me that the Farmers’ Market, which traditionally used the square, has suffered loss of sales due to the occupation.
Benjamin Wish of the legal team was present at an Emergency General Assembly called by the occupation after the decision was issued. He took questions on the decision and helped occupiers understand what had just happened.
Wish characterized the decision as “internally contradictory.” That is why the legal team planned to file an appeal. The way to understand the decision was that McIntyre decided Harbor Islands, a recreational area on the Massachusetts shoreline where camping is allowed, exists as an “ample alternative” to Dewey Square. Therefore, the occupiers do not have to be in Dewey Square to engage in the expressive and symbolic conduct of occupation. Wish also disagreed with the judge’s decision that the space was not accessible to all in Boston wanting to use the space.
The ACLU of Massachusetts put out a statement on the judge’s decision:
Just because the court ruled today that the city can shut down the encampment at Dewey Square does not mean that it should. As city officials have repeatedly–and recently–stated, there is no immediate need to remove Occupy Boston from Dewey Square.
If city officials decide, nonetheless, to do so, how they go about it also sends an important message. Occupy Boston has always been a peaceful political protest, aimed at drawing attention to the growing inequalities in our society. At a minimum, Boston city officials and the police must exercise restraint and respect with regard to the Occupy Movement and the concerned citizens it represents.
At the General Assembly, it was announced the legal team would be filing an appeal. They would also be filing a motion for staying the decision so it would not be in effect when they were in the middle of the appeal process. Also, the occupation was told that nowhere in the decision were there any clauses or lines ordering anyone to do anything as a result of the decision. Thus, the seventy people who signed affidavits saying they would abide by the decision could not face any possible repercussions or be regarded as disobeying the order if they stood their ground in the face of a raid.
It was shared that a city lawyer had said there was no plan to come in and shut down Occupy Boston. The city was meeting with the corporate counsel that had been representing the city and that could change. Of course, Mayor Thomas Menino signaled that he would have no problem with issuing an order for the police to evict the occupation tonight in a statement issued after the decision, where he declared, “The city strongly encourages the Occupy movement to abide by the Rose Kennedy Greenway regulations and remove their tents and refrain from camping in that area.”
Finally, of note, the TRO Occupy Boston enjoyed was issued before any raid. In a way, that may have worked against the occupation. Occupy Columbia in South Carolina obtained a TRO after having nineteen occupiers arrested for trespassing on the statehouse grounds. Occupy NOLA in New Orleans obtained a TRO after being cleared out of the park early Tuesday morning ahead of a scheduled hearing. McIntyre contended defendants had not undertaken any removal action and so the question presented to her was whether the matter was ripe for a declaration.



13 Comments

Methinks the Boston judge is full of beans.
Here’s a link to a recording of Wednesday night’s emergency General Assembly at Occupy Boston.
http://www.livestream.com/occupyboston/video?clipId=pla_5ae453d5-b140-46a0-952a-fc72d0bad712&utm_source=lslibrary&utm_medium=ui-thumb
Video quality is poor but sound is excellent. All the speakers are articulate.
Benjamin Wish from the legal team takes questions and his answers are recorded here.
Working group announcements center around what to do in the event of a raid. Nonviolence is the word of the evening.
Anybody get the idea I get? That TPTB are making up the 1st amendment as they go along now?
Yep!
Did you know it is now illegal for Congressman’s Constituent to enter his office on Capitol Hill? That’s right! They will call the cops on you and press charges for trespassing and unlawful entry.
Not necessarily making it up. The 1st Amendment, as it’s written, matters when it is found useful, as in campaign posturing or in granting rights to money and corporations. The rest of the time, it can be safely ignored.
Not really.
This speech plus analysis has been used since 1966. At the time the Supreme Court was as liberal as it has ever been.
In the key case of Cox v Louisiana, the Supreme Court stated:
The Appeal will be rejected. It is a waste of time and money.
Freedom of assembly?
Yeah, but, it seems to be…..being kettled. Now, it’s that you can’t put tents on public? land or go see your “elected” rep if you have differing opinion.
Then there’s that thought crime law that everybody’s up in the air about. And it IS scary. But, frankly, I’d rather have a law than be unaware that the president ( whoever) has the power of life or death without charges or a trial over all of us without us being aware of it.
It’s all so strange and it;s happening really fast now.
PS: factoid: The word fascist comes from the Roman word Fasces which was a bundle of rods tied with red cord; with or without axes in the middle, denoting authority.
I find it extremely interesting that the founders tried to emulate Rome when setting up OUR Republic, complete with special privileges for the upper class of which they all were.
Democracy was a Greek concept and thought to be naive even back in Roman times!
HUH! right during the civil rights movement. Interesting…….
The jack boots took down occupy Bethlehem Pa last night
Silent night indeed.
this is so unlike trying to occupy government and permanently holding it with a dollar bill. or millions of them. Exactly what is permanent about a tent? How is stuffing millions of dollars in government pockets a First Amendment right rather than just an “expressive right”?
By this same reasoning, Citizens United should be overturned because, SURELY, the government can be put to no other useful public purpose for the duration of the bribes of millions of corporate dollars. And while it is ‘surely’ true that ANYBODY can bribe a government official, no one in the 99% cause bribe them with as much blood money as corporations can so thus normal humans cannot access government as it presently exists.
Good points, and I have argued here and suggested to the Occupy lawyers that they make an equal protection argument based on that contrast. Have not seen any indication that they are making any such argument, though. Seems like a no-brainer to me.